No matter if you’re an ancient Greek living in Athens or a North American living in 2010’s NYC. from the Bronze Age. Black-figure amphora depicting Leto and the twins, Artemis and Apollo, 6th century BC, via British Museum. These are the main Greek gods you will find in Greek mythology: Apollo; Ares; Dionysus; Hades; Hephaestus; Hermes; Poseidon; Zeus This association continued throughout the centuries. More... Dionysus Family Tree; Greek God Dionysus Mythology Hera was therefore a vital goddess for women in the Greek world. There was a large procession through the city followed by a series of competitive theatrical performances. They also believed the gods would take care of them when they died. The sheer number of cults dedicated to Artemis in ancient Greece is arguably only comparable to that of Zeus. The most important gods of the Greek pantheon were the Twelve Olympians, so-called due to the belief that they resided on the peak of Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece. Poseidon. Zeus was worshiped far and wide across the Greek world, including at festivals such as the Olympic Games. Being the lord of seas, he was widely worshiped and followed by seamen and voyagers. Together they presided over every aspect of human life. They would then wait to see if their particular god was agreeable to their need. Being the god of forethought, he foresaw the defeat of the Titans at the hands of the new Olympian gods and cleverly sided with the Olympians during the battle, thus escaping imprisonment at Tartarus along with the others. With their all-too-human qualities, the Olympian gods were capable of displaying great kindness and dishing out terrible punishments. The three best-known writers of ancient Greek tragedy were undoubtedly Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. But he reflected the violent and gory aspects of war far more than the righteous and just violence for the greater good. One of the most well known may be the three-headed dog known as Cerberus. Her particular areas of interest are Latin language and literature as well as Roman art and epigraphy. But she also presided over the full arc of female lives, from childhood, through marriage and then into widowhood or separation. Demeter was often depicted in religious imagery beside her daughter, Persephone, also known as Kore (girl). She is a specialist in the field of Classics, in which she has either studied or worked for over twenty years. There was a large procession through the city followed by a series of competitive theatrical performances. ‘The Death of Pentheus’ from the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, 1st century AD, via Wolfgang Reiger. In Greek mythology, this was the underworld where spirits of the dead […] The queen of the Olympian gods was most closely associated with marriage. The Artemision Zeus, 5th century BC, via the National Archaeological Museum of Athens. Tragedies, comedies, were performed and judges declared the winners in each category. The oracle was consulted by cities and individuals from across the Greek world and beyond. Alternative Titles: Moira, Moirai, Parca, Parcae Fate, Greek Moira, plural Moirai, Latin Parca, plural Parcae, in Greek and Roman mythology, any of three goddesses who determined human destinies, and in particular the span of a person’s life and his allotment of misery and suffering. Greek mythology gives you a toolbox you can use to navigate life. 2.The Greeks had some strange superstitions about food – some wouldn’t eat beans as they thought t… The Greek god of wealth. ... Sophocles was one of the three great tragedians of ancient Greece along with Aeschylus and Euripides. Marble statue of an arktos of Artemis, 4th century BC, via British Museum. As well as taming the power of the seas, he also carried a trident which could cause massive earthquakes with a single strike. The agora was the marketplace and beating heart of each community. This became the most important Greek oracle and the complex there dates back to the 9. century BC. The Greeks believed that gods and goddesses watched over them. We read all these exciting stories when we were kids. Religion was important to the ancient Greeks because they believed that it would make their lives better while they were living. But it would be a mistake to think she wasn’t important. Wine festivals dedicated to Dionysus were held all over Greece, with prominent gatherings on the islands of Chios and Naxos. He drove a golden cart called a chariot. Im new to this stuff but i love learning about these stuff, I thought this for ages too! And i love percy jackson i havent read the book jet but ive seen the movies. However, each of the gods chosen here represents an incomparable impact on a particular and essential sphere of human life. He ruled with absolute authority and command over his universe but he also had a bad temper and was very easy to provoke. However, Hades hasn’t been cut any slack for tricking his love interest Persephone into staying with him in the underworld. Just to give an example of how elaborate his tricks could be, it is said that he jumped out of his crib when he was a baby, stole Apollo’s cattle and returned to the crib the picture of innocence. A COMPLETE LIST OF OLYMPIAN GODS & GODDESSES ATHENA. Hermes was a quick thinker and even quicker with his movements, and he was notorious among the gods for his cunning. Red-figure amphora depicting the abduction of Persephone by Hades, 4th century BC, via The Met Museum. His symbols are grapes, wine cups, and a pine cone. Priapus Alinari/Art Resource, New York. Interestingly, women were prohibited from drinking the wine at these celebrations. Perhaps the most famous festival to Dionysus was the City Dionysia, which was held in Athens every March. The worship of Zeus was widespread rather than confined to one particular city-state. Red-figure neck-amphora depicting Dionysus and his maenads, 5th century BC, via Met Museum. At Brauron, her sanctuary in Attica, girls aged 5–10 years old served the goddess as. Heracle s is Greek. This sanctuary dates from the 6, century BC and was so large that it was more like a small city. During a consultation, Apollo’s prophecy would be interpreted by his priestess, the. One of the most popular Titan gods, Prometheus is held in high esteem among the great benefactors of mankind. Hermes was a quick thinker and even quicker with his movements, and he was notorious among the gods for his cunning. She disliked gossip, so hardly any stories were told about he. He was always willing to wreak havoc just to display his might in battle and rarely thought of fighting for justice or self-defense. Also, depending on your definition of god, if it was that gods are deities, then Prometheus would be a god, as he is a deity. The Pythia’s words were often a series of riddles, meaning that accurate interpretation was fraught with difficulty. Ancient Greeks not only invented the Greek Gods and Goddesses but they also believed they existed. Sure, there are multiple groups but they’re still gods. Being the personification of the nature of all things, he constructed the order that became the basis for the different realms. One of the most popular and long-lasting Egyptian gods. It is also thought to be one of the oldest Greek temples, dating back to the 8th century BC. The three most important gods were Jupiter (protector of the state), Juno (protector of women) and Minerva (goddess of craft and wisdom). Ares is the god of war. Zeus was the strongest and wisest of the three and ruled over the earth. In return, she taught them the secrets of the Mysteries. Some built walls. These gods were a bit like humans, but they lived forever and were much more powerful. It's always upsetting when a favorite artist dies. Silver stater coin depicting Demeter and her symbol the barley-ear, 4th century BC, via British Museum. Promethues is a god, Yes i totally agee that poseidon (might have spelling mistakes) should be first place he is the best. Olympian Greek god of the sea, earthquakes, storms, and horses. This narration of the mythical stories created by the ancient Greeks, concerned their gods and heroes, giving the explanation they sought about nature and the creation of the world around them. He even appears with disreputable characters, such as satyrs, dancing around in sexual mischief. But, of these myriad divinities, how can we identify the gods that really mattered to people in the ancient Greek world? Apollo’s influence therefore stretched far and wide. Their affair was not a secret among the Olympians and led to much disdain. Herodotus says that this sanctuary was home to the largest temple known in the Greek world. The polytheistic religion of ancient Greece consisted of a vast array of gods and goddesses and divine beings, from omnipotent Olympians to woodland nymphs. I agree with Jay but I wouldn’t put it in that use of words. However, women played a large part in the Bacchic rituals of Dionysus as his followers, the maenads. Hades ruled the Underworld, the world of the dead. One poet could directly contradict another. But she also presided over the full arc of female lives, from childhood, through marriage and then into widowhood or separation. The aim of the project is to provide a comprehensive, free reference guide to the gods (theoi), spirits (daimones), fabulous creatures (theres) and heroes of ancient Greek mythology and religion. Colossal head of Zeus, 2nd century BC, via The National Archaeological Museum of Athens. Ares was the often said to be the god of courage, partially by the Spartans who he was a patron for. Most built a marketplace (an agora) and a community meeting place. Dionysus is a very important Greek god of wine, merriment, festivals and vegetation. The definition of "most important" may be the sticking point of your question. The existence of Homo Sapiens is linked with art and art is a way of linking... “Futuristic” designs and technical innovation are not just limited to our modern-day technologies. Since he could easily move between the three main worlds in the mythological paradigm of ancient Greece: heaven, the seas, and the underworld, he often acted as a messenger for the gods. One poet could directly contradict another. Sicily was just one of the many places which celebrated Demeter’s festival of Thesmophoria. yah its helpful thanks to the person who created this website i appreciate poa sana. The Acropolis at Athens, via Must See Places. Her sphere of influence was varied and she was a significant goddess for both men and women in ancient Greece. In ancient Greek religion and mythology, the twelve Olympians are the major deities of the Greek pantheon, commonly considered to be Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Demeter, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Ares, Hephaestus, Aphrodite, Hermes, and either Hestia or Dionysus. These three writers wrote about some of the great motifs of their time and ours, including pride, love, power, greed, and loss, all of which are prominent themes in the ancient Greek mythology upon which many of their plays were based. He was believed to be the overall protector of mankind and so he was aligned with each city. Perhaps Apollo’s greatest impact on the ancient world was made through his oracle at Delphi. Hera was Zeus’ wife and queen of the gods. Here are 13 of the most important gods and goddesses of ancient Egypt. Among the most common was Hera Gamelia. . The stories of the gods and goddesses from ancient Greek mythology are hugely popular. In response, Demeter sent a plague to annihilate human civilization. 1. Get Your Digits on James Bond’s Classic Ride from Goldfinger. Hera was therefore a vital goddess for women in the Greek world. The beautiful Hestia was the oldest of the gods of Olympus. All you have to do is search Greek gods and goddesses. He was brought up under the protection of mountain nymphs since Hera, Zeus’s wife, was jealous of her husband’s romantic adventures outside their marriage. Poseidon. In mythology, this was the place where Persephone entered and exited from the Underworld each year. Ancient Greek religion and mythology recognized a number of deities but the most venerated gods and goddesses were the so-called Twelve Olympians who were believed to live atop of Mouth Olympus. He would respond by hurling thunderbolts at those who displeased him. He was known as the father of the gods, and as you might have noticed by now, he fathered quite a few children from his many affairs. The Greeks believed that these gods and goddesses controlled everything in their lives and the environment. Here are 13 of the most important gods and goddesses of ancient Egypt. It is these fundamental associations which place Zeus, Hera, Apollo, Artemis, Demeter and Dionysus above all others. This episode resulted in the murder of. The so-called ‘Hera Barberini’ statue, a Roman copy of a 2nd century BC original, via Vatican Museums. Although one of the gods of Mount Olympus, … Tetradrachma depicting Ptolemy I and Zeus Soter, 4th century BC, via Harvard Art Museums. While there were various games throughout the ancient world, the most famous were those at Olympia, where a colossal statue of Zeus once stood. His legacy as the greatest of gods also meant that he became the favored deity of great leaders in the ancient world. Tetradrachma depicting Ptolemy I and Zeus Soter, century BC, via The National Archaeological Museum of Athens, Zeus therefore permeated every aspect of Greek lives, from the weather outside to the cupboard in a humble home. Once he was done creating mankind, he became rather attached to them, always worried for their welfare. In some ways, she was the most important of all the gods. Fate, Greek Moira, plural Moirai, Latin Parca, plural Parcae, in Greek and Roman mythology, any of three goddesses who determined human destinies, and in particular the span of a person’s life and his allotment of misery and suffering.Homer speaks of Fate (moira) in the singular as an impersonal power and sometimes makes its functions interchangeable with those of the Olympian gods. This return was thought to represent the emergence of new vegetation after the dormant period of winter. Her sanctuary on the island of Samos was her mythological birthplace. Officials from city-states would also consult him about political strategies and impending war. One of Apollo’s main sanctuaries was on the island of Delos, his mythological birthplace. Besides founding civilization's building blocks, the ancient Greeks were involved in regular conflicts. Zeus was also concerned with hospitality. In response, Demeter sent a plague to annihilate human civilization. Hera’s importance in ancient Greece was highlighted by the magnificence of the temples built in her honor. Given the cunning tricks he would play on fellow gods for his own amusement, one can find stark similarities between him and the popular Norse god Loki. Popularly, he comes across as a handsome, athletic, beardless youth and sometimes as an older bearded man. Many of us might remember how Theseus slayed the Minotaur, how Hades ruled the underworld, and how Zeus would show his wrath with mighty thunder. Many scholars believe that she originated from an animal goddess of the. Both Homer and Hesiod mention a large altar on Delos made from the horns of sacrificed goats. True. This became the most important Greek oracle and the complex there dates back to the 9th century BC. Also, Prometheus and Kronos are not Gods….rather, they are Titans born from Gaia (mother earth) and Ouranos [father sky (also the first sky god) ] and slayed their own father (mainly, Kronos with other 4 titans who were promised the four corners of the earth by him) after which they ruled and their ruling period was known as the golden age (overthrown by gods also known as Olympian gods afterwards where Supreme Zeus was the king)…. This group of deities consisted of Aphrodite, Apollo, Ares, Artemis, Athena, Demeter, Dionysus, Hephaestus, Hera, Hermes, Poseidon, and Zeus. Perhaps Apollo’s greatest impact on the ancient world was made through his oracle at Delphi. Ares was the Patron God of Sparta, I’m not sure if they teach this in Nepal but Sparta was the greatest city-state, utilizing perhaps the best political system ever devised by Humans. Demeter and Persephone were therefore inherently linked to the life cycle of plants and crops. Goliath was probably a human with Giantism, making him extra tall. Most of us are well aware of the heroics of the ancient Greek gods. Cronos and Prometheus are both Titans!! Both. He appears in his many forms on every conceivable object, from painted amphora vases to oil lamps. Successful playwrights included. by Mark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA) The Heroes - the most famous being Hercules, Achilles, Jason, Perseus, and Theseus but including a great many more - all have divine parents and therefore bridge the gap between mortals and gods. Laura Hayward is a contributing writer and researcher from London, UK. He also created majestic armor and shields for the gods, the most famous of them being the one donned by Achilles in the Battle of Troy. The Twelve great gods of the Greeks were known as the Olympians. Poseidon had a beard and long blue hair. Parts of stories don't make sense, seemingly happening in reverse order or contradicting something else that was just said. He was far more interactive with his followers than the other gods, feasting, drinking, and living life to the full with them. The reason why they didn’t talk about Hercules is because they are talking about Gods not Demigods. Zeus was an ancient god who had the most far-reaching sphere of influence. These secrets were believed to be the gift of agriculture, which the Eleusinians then spread throughout the rest of Greece. The name ‘Zeus’ derives from the Indo-European word for day and sky. Zeus was the god of the whole known universe that the Olympians won from the Titans. He was also pretty fair in his dealings with Hercules who approached him with the intention of capturing his three-headed dog. A large wine festival, the Anthesteria, was also held in Athens. then also why are they including titans, they were no gods. Ancient references to him can be traced back to the. The ancient Greek gods listed here laid the very foundation of Greek mythology that keeps on enchanting readers, writers, and storytellers to this day. Ancient Greek Women The heroines and villains, the strong women, the weak women, those who performed good deeds and those who were famous for their bad deeds. was highlighted by the magnificence of the temples built in her honor. Dionysus was the most intangible of all the Greek gods. By. I hope if anyone is making a website about the Greek gods they will listen to my advise and also if you want to learn more about look out for the Percy Jackson series, the Heros of Olumpus, Percy Jackson and the Greek hero’s and Percy Jackson and the Greek gods. Since it had democratic government, which gave citizens the opportunity to excel in any direction and they chose Athena, a goddess of wisdom and warfare, for a patron of the city, they equally focused on education in studies, arts and science, as on training to become a warrior. While the two contributors above me have mentioned some important names in Greek literature, their selections for at least 2 of the top 3 may not make the cut for many Greek mythology scholars. He is one of the three most powerful Greek … Poseidon and Apollo relentlessly pursued her since they both wanted to marry her. The genealogy of the Greek gods is complicated. He was also a skilled archer who could often be seen with a silver bow. They also believed the gods would take care of them when they died. The Greek god of wealth. In Greek mythology, Tartarus (/ ˈ t ɑːr t ə r ə s /; Ancient Greek: Τάρταρος, Tártaros) is the deep abyss that is used as a dungeon of torment and suffering for the wicked and as the prison for the Titans.Tartarus is the place where, according to Plato's Gorgias (c. 400 BC), souls are judged after death and where the wicked received divine punishment. These acts of worship took place at. His sphere of influence covered two sources of great pleasure for ancient Greeks – wine and theatre. The 10 Oldest Ancient Civilizations That Have Ever Existed, Top 10 Most Worshiped Ancient Egyptian Gods and Goddesses, Top 10 Inventions and Discoveries of Ancient Greece…, Top 11 Inventions and Discoveries of Mesopotamia, Top 12 Popular and Fascinating Ancient Greece Myths, Top 21 Fascinating Facts about the Ancient Persian Empire, Top 12 Surprising and Fascinating Facts about Ancient Sumer, Top 13 Surprising and Fascinating Facts about Ancient Babylonia, Top 12 Fascinating Facts about Ancient Mesopotamia. Hoped this helped! At some point, he fell desperately for Demeter who asked him to create the most unique creature if he was to win her. Artemis was also a Patron God of Sparta, and she does not even make this list yet you list 2 Titans that were not Olympians? For women, she presided over the transition from virginity to childbirth and for men, that from boyhood to adulthood. For this reason, statues of Zeus and his temples were often found in the agora. Poseidon. Can somebody me what a titan is ? Detail of a painting on a Greek cup; in the National Archaeological Museum, Tarquinia, Italy. He therefore represented escapism and joy in equal measure. Artemis was also closely connected to the animal kingdom and she is often depicted standing with hunting dogs and deer. 1. While the two contributors above me have mentioned some important names in Greek literature, their selections for at least 2 of the top 3 may not make the cut for many Greek mythology scholars. They were called Olympians because, according to tradition, they resided on Mount Olympus. Parts of stories don't make sense, seemingly happening in reverse order or contradicting something else that was just said. Dionysus was the most intangible of all the. In short, there was something for everyone. The genealogy of the Greek gods is complicated. The Pythia’s words were often a series of riddles, meaning that accurate interpretation was fraught with difficulty. She was the goddess of women, marriage and family. was the marketplace and beating heart of each community. In his utter paranoia, he swallowed them to keep them from ever surpassing him. It is said he made a number of animals in his quest and finally created the first majestic horse. She was one of the three Charites and the wife of the god Hephaestus. Objects have been found which originated from as far afield as Egypt, Assyria and Babylon. Hera Argeia was worshiped at Argos, where a statue of the goddess was bathed in a sacred spring. The Percy Jackson series has a lot of information about Greek gods, Chronos and cronos were two different titans/personifications. Mythology; 10 of the Most Significant Writers of Ancient Greece. Hades was forced to compromise and Persephone was allowed to return to the Upper world each spring. See also: Top 10 Ancient Greek Philosophers. They can be spelt either way, Cronos, or Kronos. and M.A. Pontus. Ra (Re) Imentet and Ra from the tomb of Nefertari, 13th century BC. From the panoply of Greek gods, it can be difficult to identify those who really mattered to ancient Greeks. Artemis is known as the goddess of the hunt and is one of the most respected of all the ancient Greek deities. In Percy Jackson series book #5, Typhon could not be defeated without Poseidon and Zeus himself admitted that. It is clear that the Greek system was biased towards male dominance (only the brothers got to divide the realms among themselves). The discovery of votive offerings at Hera’s sanctuaries and temples gives us an insight into how widespread her worship was. In short, there was something for everyone. It is believed that there were three virgin goddesses in ancient Greek mythology and Hestia was one of them – the other two being Athena and Artemis. Ancient Greece is a culture compass for all the world. Naturally, ruling over such a gloomy and dismal realm seldom led to a good impression, making him less prominent in Greek mythology. They believed that the Gods and Goddesses had magical powers and could affect their lives if they wished to. There is no evidence of the existence of the god Apollo from the Bronze Age. She has also worked as a teacher of Classics in a leading independent school in London. Prometheus was then assigned the task of molding mankind out of clay. Black-figure vase depicting Apollo, Artemis, Athena and Poseidon, 6th century BC, via British Museum. Since the goddesses were such important personas in their own right, it is only fair to list them separately in our next post. Zeus shares traits with both Odin and Thor, the allfather and god of thunder, respectively, in Norse mythology, while the Norse god Wayland the Smith was lame just like Hephaestus. Despite personifying the sheer ruthlessness of war, he also came across as a coward through his outrageous reactions to the slightest of injuries in battle. Rituals were then carried out such as animal sacrifice, prayer and dedicating votive offerings. For women, she presided over the transition from virginity to childbirth and for men, that from boyhood to adulthood. Zeus was worshiped far and wide across the Greek world, including at festivals such as the, . This highlights her great importance as a goddess. Herodotus tells us that even Croesus of Lydia, the richest king ever to have lived, visited the oracle for advice. The so-called Belvedere Apollo, 2nd century AD, via the Vatican Museums. He is often shown surrounded by felines, particularly panthers. An example of a Titan is the character Goliath from the Bible. explains the origins behind the cult. Black-figure amphora depicting Leto and the twins, Artemis and Apollo, Artemis was the twin sister of Apollo and the daughter of Leto. Hercules is the Roman version of Heracles. Similarly, Artemis Orthia was worshiped in Sparta by boys going through the agoge military education process. He was believed to be the overall protector of mankind and so he was aligned with each city. He was madly in love with Aphrodite, who was already married to Hephaestus. . In conclusion titans are basically lesser gods that ruled before the gods themselves. At Brauron, her sanctuary in Attica, girls aged 5–10 years old served the goddess as arktoi, or “bears.” This was part of a ritual to prepare them for marriage. This celebration for the Greek god was held in autumn, at harvest time, and involved a secretive fertility ceremony exclusively for women. Contrary to common belief, it was not Hades who was responsible for the redemption of souls but rather the three demigods Minos, Aiakos, and Rhadamanthys would carry out the judgment. In. Marble relief depicting Demeter teaching the Mysteries to the Eleusinians, 1st century AD, via Met Museum. Every other year, the maenads would go up into the mountains and celebrate his rites. He has been depicted in many different ways in poems, plays, and myths. His acts of imprudence led both his parents to despise him and look up to his sister Athena instead. Greek Gods are people who have been blessed with immortality and control something or have a special power. And what is a titan? But once he came to power, much like his despised parent, Cronos became rather suspicious of his children – the most noticeable ones being Zeus, Poseidon, and Aphrodite. He is the son of Hera and Zeus but they are not fond of him because he was self-centered and a coward. At the festival of Munichia, , young men aged 18–20 undergoing military training, took part in sacred sea races. Hades was forced to compromise and Persephone was allowed to return to the Upper world each spring. History >> Ancient Greece >> Greek Mythology. These sacred sites tells us about ancient greek mythology & legends, history, culture, traditions, customs and ancient society of greek. With his power and might, Zeus remained the undisputed leader and ruler of all Olympian gods, ruling over the realms from his throne on Mount Olympus. Once he fell to earth, he went on to become a prodigious craftsman and was eventually reinstated to heaven where he made a number of marvelous items for the gods and goddesses. says that this sanctuary was home to the largest temple known in the Greek world. Among the most well-known were the festivals of Artemis Brauronia and Artemis Munichia. They did not see them as perfect, but just like people. He was also the god of earthquakes and horses. 1. , or “bears.” This was part of a ritual to prepare them for marriage. God of the sun, order, kings and the sky; creator of the universe. It is thought that her name, and even the goddess herself, may even be pre-Greek. humans will born from humans and gods will born from the gods.they will not fall down from the sky.even 3 titans like cronous may destroy their whole son gods completely. His sphere of influence covered two sources of great pleasure for ancient Greeks – wine and theatre. As well as hunting and wild animals, she was a goddess associated with transitions. Most of the civic centers also had religious functions, but this list will mainly stick to the most significant ones or ones most people would likely search for under the label of sacred. in Classics from University College London. Red-figure amphora depicting the abduction of Persephone by Hades, Marble relief depicting Demeter teaching the Mysteries to the Eleusinians, The Mysteries of Eleusis were another secret ritual associated with Demeter, held in autumn and spring. Artemis statue, Roman copy of a 4th-century BC Greek bronze statue, via Louvre Museum. More widely, Zeus Ktesios was seen as a protector of all property. His most powerful weapon was the thunderbolt. God of the sun, order, kings and the sky; creator of the universe. Titan means a very large or powerful person or thing. This led him to cross paths with the mighty Zeus time and again since he did not care so much about humans. Greek mythology, as in other ancient cultures, was used as a means to explain the environment in which humankind lived, the natural phenomena they witnessed and the passing of time through the days, months, and seasons.Myths were also intricately connected to religion in the Greek world and explained the origin and lives of the gods, where humanity had come from and where it was …
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