NAME OF APPLICANT (S) TEMPORARY OR EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNATION: VARIETY NAME. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is a major staple food crop in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in the dry savannah regions of West Africa. V. unguiculata var. The plant has nectar with high nutritional value for the bees, and pollination by the bees increases seed production (11). Botanical synonyms: Dolichos biflorus, Dolichos catjang, Dolichos monachalis, Dolichos sesquipedalis, Dolichos sinensis, Dolichos sphaerospermus, Dolichos unguiculatus, Vigna catjang, Vigna cylindrica, Vigna sesquipedalis, Vigna sinensis (1). Furthermore, the legumes are shorter (3-8cm long). V. unguiculata subsp. Vegetative Plant Description: V. unguiculata is an annual (perennial in the Tropics) herbaceous vine. is a widely adapted, stress tolerant grain legume, vegetable, and fodder crop grown on about 7 million ha in warm to hot regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas.This review focuses on major breeding achievements, current objectives, and future opportunities for cowpea improvement. mensensis (Schweinf.) Through a baseline survey it becomes clear that traditionally cowpea is mostly intercropped with cereals, that the importance of land V. unguiculata var. catjang (Burm. The use of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in improving a popular Nigeria weaning food. Image of seed varieties courtesy of Dr. Jeffrey Ehlers, The Gates Foundation PLEASE READ ALL … endstream endobj startxref V. unguiculata var. Image of single seed courtesy of Tracey Slotta @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database http://plants.usda.gov/java/largeImage?imageID=visi5_002_ahp.tif Primary Author: Cristine V. Santanna, with editing by John Bradtke, Robyn J. Burnham, and Jenna Dorey. Phaseolus polystachios has pubescent stems, unlike V. unguiculata. PDF | Vigna Unguiculata (L) Walp belongs to the family Fabaceae. Morphological study of cultivated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.). V. unguiculata subsp. 478 0 obj <> endobj f.) H. Ohashi Which is commonly known as Cow pea. V. unguiculata var. h�b``�```�d`b`Pe�a@ �r\X�����Az�.�0� Historically, cowpeas volunteered in row crop and systems. stenophylla Mithen V. luteola stipules are not peltate like V. unguiculata’s and also has a yellowish corolla instead of purplish. grain is a major source of protein in the diets of sub-Saharan Africa, where the bulk of it is produced and consumed. Mithen Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Quick Notable Features (8): 1. Walp.) V. unguiculata subsp. How to Grow Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) Although cowpea is a well known garden plant in the South, this crop deserves more attention across the country. 5. The explosively dehiscent pods are linear, often glabrous, and maturing July-September (3,9,10,12).  A study in Africa shows that V. unguiculata and Apis bees should be cultivated together. �J�@�`%"��@���Aj�:i��PU� ��y cylindrica (L.) H. Ohashi as revealed by RAPD markers . Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. 54,343–347. The calyx (approximately 0.8cm) is green, fused, and campanulate, with irregular lobes. Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.. V. unguiculata var. 389; FE 174; FS 436; FTEA 642; FZ 138; LM 584. Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Gene action was predominantly additive but dominance and additive × … Most of cowpea grain production in South Africa is mainly used for domestic consumption, as seed planting and little or none gets to be used in industrial processing; thus, there is a need to expand the utilization of cowpea through industrial processing. In general, the results obtained in 1989 were similar to those of 1990. Download PDF. The leaves are arranged alternately, compound with 3 ovate leaflets. The bristly legume produced by G. max is only ~8cm long (5,10). Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. It is a multi-purpose crop, being used for V. unguiculata var. Cowpeas are one of the most important food legume crops in the semi-arid tropics that cover Asia, Africa, southern Europe and Central and South America. catjang (Burm. Vigna unguiculata . • Pasquet, R.S., 1998. 491 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<9922AC3FEBC66349A70BDEDE8D59C076><1FE1B6911043094684CB9A49AB473EAA>]/Index[478 26]/Info 477 0 R/Length 73/Prev 41362/Root 479 0 R/Size 504/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Cowpea seeds are a tonkinensis Bertoni: Unresolved: WCSP (in review) 2012-03-23: The Plant List does not attempt to include all infraspecific taxa. V. unguiculata var. Image of flower from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vigna_unguiculata_02.jpg plants Article Ecotoxicological E ects of Ibuprofen on Plant Growth of Vigna unguiculata L. Leonard Wijaya 1,*, Mohammed Alyemeni 1, Parvaiz Ahmad 1, Ahmed Alfarhan 1, Damia Barcelo 1,2, Mohamed A. El-Sheikh 1 and Yolanda Pico 3 1 Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Flower Description: The flowers are perfect and zygomorphic, with 2-6 flowers per axillary raceme (15-40cm long). It was first domesticated in West Africa 5,000-6,000 years ago and today is grown commercially in over 33 countries. It is a hardy crop which thrives in sandy soils and is relatively tolerant of drought. Tropicos.org. or cowpea is the most relevant Vigna species for human food. Image of habit of subspecies sesquipedalis courtesy of Forest & Kim Starr [CC-BY-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)] Phylogenetic Information: The genus Vigna is a member of the tribe Phaseoleae, subfamily Faboideae, in the Fabaceae, which is in the order Fabales, superorder Rosanae, subclass Magnoliidae. Walp.) The following databases may contain further information on this name. Genome 45(1): 175–188. ¬ Asymmetric lateral leaflets Please click on any button to follow a link to that database. congolensis Interesting Quotation or Other Interesting Factoid not inserted above: The Southern Weed Science Society declared V. unguiculata a weedy or invasive species (6). Family: Fabaceae, the Pea Family. CrossRef Google Scholar PAG (United Nations Advisory Group) (1975) A Call For Action: Upgrading human nutrition through the improvement of food legumes, in: Nutritional Improvement of Food Legumes by Breeding , (ed. The petals are 5, tinged with purple, yellowish or less commonly just white. The petioles are up to 10cm long without pubescence, thickened at the base. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology, molecular markers have been widely used in genetic breeding of various crops including cowpea. It is cultivated in tropical and subtropical zones of the world, including Africa, Asia, Latin America and also in some Mediterranean countries [22, from23]. Vigna is found throughout the tropics with some 150-190 species. Image of fruiting subspecies sesquipedalis also © Forest and Kim Starr http://www.hear.org/starr/images/?o=plants Complete Geographic Distribution: Native to Africa and Asia, the species was introduced to the New World tropics for cultivation and subsequently naturalized. Vigna unguiculata is a leguminous crop plant belonging to the same genus as bambara groundnut. Subordinate taxa: The annual cultivated forms that comprise var. The roots of V. unguiculata, like many Fabaceae plants, have a symbiotic relationship with nodule-forming, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which also benefits surrounding plants (13). Grubben, I.K. alba1 Yes In the coastal plains from SãoTomé and Gabon to north-western Angola. The keel and wing petals are roughly the same size, but shorter than the standard; the keel petals are curved. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 51 : 539 - 550 . Br. Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Yardlong bean is also known as asparagus bean, string bean, Chinese longbean, etc. Dispersal Syndrome: The seeds are forcibly expelled from the dry pods, via a vapor pressure deficit (12). Madamba, R., G.J.H. The leaflets are often basally hastate, apically acute, entire, 5-15cm long and 4-6cm broad, often glabrous, each bearing stipels (2mm long); lateral leaflets are asymmetrical. germplasm from Ghana using simple sequence repeat markers . Subspecies/varieties recognized (2): Its long, slender pods are filled with a prolific number of seeds. (Photo by Christopher Sheahan, USDA - NRCS, Cape May Plant Materials Center) Alternate Names Alternate Common Names: blackeyed pea, field pea, southern pea, Mey.) Table 5.3. The peduncles are smooth, and the pedicels (0.2cm long) are erect. Image Credits (all used with permission): Time of Planting: Most gardeners plant cowpea seeds directly outdoors, once the danger of frost has passed. The leaves are also trifoliate, but the leaflets are somewhat rounder, with less prominent apices and adaxially scabrous, capable of adhesion. sesquipedalis; gr. ¬ Flowers tinged with purple, bilaterally symmetrical V. unguiculata var. Maréchal, Mascherpa & Stainier unguiculata Key words: Vigna unguiculata, Aphis craccivora, SSR marker, RAPD, Marker-assisted selection, Anti-xenosis Introduction Yardlong bean and cowpea belong to Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp, they are most widely used le-gume in the tropics. �� The Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. In the United States flowering occurs in June-August (3,10). Fruit Type and Description: The fruit is a long legume usually up to 30cm long and 1cm wide (ssp. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean L. Verdc),and marama bean [Tylosema esculentum (Burchell) A. Schreiber] (Fig. Vigna unguiculata) Termination Information. Asante, and R. Akromah 2006. Geographic Distribution in Michigan: The species is not common in the wild in Michigan, found only in Berrien County, but may be cultivated in other areas of the state (7). The formation of nanosized selenium at 10 mm L.(Walp.)) Flowering Time: In the tropics, the species flowers year round, but flowering is seasonal northward. The cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an annual herbaceous legume from the genus Vigna.Due to its tolerance for sandy soil and low rainfall, it is an important crop in the semiarid regions across Africa and Asia. Evans, and H.C. Wien 1980. The single pistil has a hirsute style (3,9,10). Information Source Cowpeas can be terminated by mowing if shallow tillage is also used. Kengni 2009. is one of the most popular grain legumes in Africa as well as in some regions of America and Asia.The main subspecies is Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is used in many parts of the world for its high-protein seeds, but also for its nutrient-rich edible leaves, forage, and soil enrichment.Cowpea is generally more heat-tolerant than common bean. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) ADDRESS (Street and No. SUMMARY The present article describes the traditional cowpea cropping system in Dambatta, Kano State, Nigeria. The petiolules are 4-5mm long with wings and minute hairs; the rachis is 0.5-3.5cm long (3,5,8,9,10). h�bbd``b`Z$W�' �zD�� ��x$X�@�A$���ĕ%L���@#i��o *� Plant Disease (102) 254. They are reniform, flat, 6-12mm long and 5mm broad (8,9).